English programmes
教学目标
Teaching Aims and Demands
本单元的教学目标是使学生熟练掌握有关提出建议的常用语句，并运用到日常交际中，学习并掌握动词不定式作主语的用法。通过对课文的学习，了解有关英语广播电视节目的一些常识。
Difficult and important teaching points
1．单词和词组
advice, special, do receive ,go with, write to, pick up, such as
2．日常交际用语与句型
1）That’s easier said than done.
2) Thanks. I must try to do that.
3) Do you think that would help?
4) You’d better find an English pen friend.
5) Why not…?
6) Why don’t you…?
7) I’m sure…
8）The more …, the…
9）find + n. + adj.
10）be of help
3．语法
学习动词不定式作主语的用法。
教学建议
对话建议
在Lesson 45对话中，建议教师围绕如何提高学生听英语的技能的话题以及给学生播放一些英语节目为主要内容，如：
方法一、教师给学生播放BBC，VOA及CRI等英语广播作为导入课。
方法二、教师组织学生观看视频内容，进行问答练习，用Why not…You’d better….Why don’t you…. 组织造句。
方法三、教师提供给学生一些话题，进行口语练习，如：在听、说、读、写方面如何给出一些建议和方法等。
课文分析
本篇课文从内容上讲述了英语广播和电视节目的一些常识，而且本课着重介绍英国BBC英语广播、学习英语节目，如：语法，书面语和口语的差别，另外介绍中国中央电视台和广播电台的英语节目。在关键词语中，运用了不定式作主语，a short-wave radio, pick up等。
重点和难点
辨析cost, spend与pay
a. cost (cost, cost)的主语是“物”或“事”，表示“花费”“耗费”；
The book cost me ten yuan.
b. spend （spent, spent）主语是“某人”，后接“钱”“时间”“精力”.
She spends a lot of money on clothes.
c. pay (paid, paid)主语是“某人”后接“钱”，表示“支付”之意.
I paid two hundred yuan for the bike.
辨析advice与advise
a. advice 为不可数名词，可用some, much, a little, a piece of等修饰，但不可说an advice 或many advices. 常与动词give, take, follow, ask for等连用。
Let me give you a piece of advice.
b. advise 为动词，常用于以下结构中：
I advise waiting here. (动名词作宾语)
They advise me not to do that. (不定式作宾语补足语)
I advise that she (should) go there at one. (接宾语从句)
辨析look for, find, find out
1）look for (v. + prep.) “寻找”，指寻找的动作，未说明是否能找到，是延续性动词。
—What are you looking for?
—I am looking for my watch.
2）find “找到”“发现”，指找到、发现的结果，是终止性动词。
Have you found the book you need?
3）find out (v. + adv.) “打听出”“查询出”，指经过打听询问后得知。
—What time is the plane taking off?
—I don’t know but I can go and find it out.
辨析another day和the other day
1）another day 可表示近期将来的某一天，意为“改天”，也可表示过去或状态延续的“又一天”。它在句中作状语。
She says she is coming another day instead of today.她说她今天不来，改天来。
2）the other day 指“前几天”，“几天前”，一般用于过去时，如：
I met her in the hospital the other day. 前几天我在医院碰见过她。
辨析on the air, in the air ,by air 和 in the open air
on the air 意为“（正在）广播，播送”。
What's on the air now? 正在广播什么？
in the air指“在空中”
Some kites are flying in the air. 一些风筝在空中飞舞。
by air意为“乘飞机；通过航空”(=by plane).
They often travel by air. 他们经常坐飞机旅行。
in the open air指“在户外，在露天”。
Grandpa walks in the open air for an hour every morning. 爷爷每天早晨在户外散步一小时。
Lesson 45
1. The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes. 英语你听得越多，就越容易听懂。
“the十比较级……，the+比较级……”这个句型结构的意思是“越……，就越……”或“愈是……，则愈是……”。此结构中的比较级可以是形容词，也可以是副词。
The more one has, the more one wants. 越是有，就越想要。
The sooner you do it, the better it will be. 你越早做那件事就越好。(The sooner, the better 愈早愈好。)
2．向朋友提出忠告或建议时，可以用以下三个句型：
l) Why don’t you…? (为什么你不……?)
2 )Why not…?(为什么不……?)
3)You’d better…(你最好还是……)
第二个句型实际上是第一个句型的省略。在 “Why not” 后直接跟谓语动词。Why don't you go for a walk? (Why not go for a walk?) 为什么不去散散步呢？
第三个句型You’d better是You had better 的省略，意思是“你最好还是……”、“还是……为好”。had better是一个固定词组，had不可用 has / have代替。它的后面跟不带to的不定式，即had better do sth.，意指“(现在/将来)最好干某事”，而不指过去。它的否定形式是 had better not do sth., 也就是否定词not放在 had better之后。如：
We'd better wait a little longer.我们最好再等一会儿。
Lesson 46
1. If you do have difficulties, it is better to try again another day. (= …you’d better try again another day.) 如果你的确有困难，最好改天再收听。
句中的do是语气词，用来加强语气，常用在肯定句中，根据情况有不同译法。例如：
Do write me soon. 一定早点写封信给我。
2. 注意构词法：
1) “形容词+后缀ly”构成副词，如本课的clear (adj.) + ly → clearly (adv.)。又如：
注意：以y结尾的形容词加ly时，要将y变成i, 然后加ly.
2) “动词+tion”构成名词，如本课中的explain (v.) + tion→explanation (n.)。又如：
inform (v. 告知 ) + tion → information (n.信息)
invent (v.发明) + tion → invention (n.发明)
congratulate (v. 祝贺 ) + tion → congratulation (n.祝贺)
instruct (v. 指示) + tion → instruction (n. 指示)
suggest (v. 建议) + tion→ suggestion (n. 建议)
Lesson 47
本课及下课着重讲授和练习 it作形式主语的句型：It is (was) + adj./n. + to do sth. 除了在 Language Study中所给例句外，还可增补以下例句：
It is necessary to ask her for help. 要求她帮忙是必要的。(=To ask her for help is necessary.)
通过举例和随后的练习，最后可归纳以下三点：
1)it在句中是形式主语，而真正的主语是句子后部的不定式或不定式短语(to do sth.)。
2）当这个不定式很短的时候，可以把这个不定式放在主语的位置，而无需借助于形式主语(见上述两例的括号中的句子)。又如：
It is easy to do, but it is difficult to understand. → To do is easy, but to understand is difficult. 做起来容易，要理解却很难。(知难行易)
3) 但是，如果作主语的不定式短语较长，则通常将形式主语it放置句首，而将真正的主语置于句尾，以避免句子“头重脚轻”，如：
To pick up BBC programmes on the radio is easy. 应该改作：
It is easy to pick up BBC programmes on the radio.
动词不定式在句中作主语
1)不定式或不定式短语作主语时，可直接放在句首。如：
To learn a foreign language is necessary. 学习一门外语是必要的。
2)当不定式短语较长时，通常用it作形式主语放在句首，将真正主语不定式结构放在句子后部。其常见句型有：
a. It is /was+形容词/ 名词+ to do sth.做……是（如何的）。
b. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人……
It is easy to pick up China Radio International Programmes.
收听中国国际广播电台的节目很容易。
It took me 3 days to read the book.
读这本书花了我三天时间。
3）当不定式需要带上自己的逻辑主语时，须用介词for / of, 即for / of sb. to do sth. （它被称为不定式的复合结构。）其基本句型为：
A)it is+ 形容词+of sb.+ to do sth. ==sb.+ be+形容词+to do sth.
该句型中形容词用来描述不定式行为者的性格、品行等，形容词多为brave, careless, clever, polite, wrong, kind, good, nice, foolish, rude (粗鲁的), selfish(自私的)等。如：
It’s very kind of you to say so. == You're kind to say so. 谢谢你这样说。
B) It is + 形容词+ for sb. to do sth.
= It’s + 形容词 + that + sb. do sth.
在此句型中，形容词只对不定式行为者作某种描述，而不涉及其品行。这类形容词有： difficult, hard, easy, important, dangerous, possible, impossible, necessary 等。如：
It is impossible for him to carry a big box.
( = It's impossible that he carries a big box. )
4）如果是疑问句或感叹句，则只能用it作形式主语的形式，如：
Is it important to practise listening? 练习听力很重要吗？
教学设计方案Lesson 45
Teaching Aims
1.To learn how to improve the four skills in English.
2.To learn to use the following useful words, expressions and sentence structures; advice; find + n. +adj.; The more..., the...
3.To make sure that the students can use the functional sentences and make a similar dialog.
Step I Warming-up
T: You have learnt English for several years. Do you think you have learned English well? If not, what do you think hardest in English － listening, speaking, reading or writing?
Step II Reading and listening
1.Allow the Ss to listen to the tape with their books closed and ask the question;
1).What does Zhou Lan find hardest in English?
2).Why does Bruce suggest that Zhou Lan buy a radio?
Answers:1) Zhou Lan finds listening really hard.
2)You can listen to China Radio International or BBC English programmes on the radio.
2.After reading, do the following True or False exercises
1). The more you listen to English, the more difficult it becomes. F
2).Why don’t you buy a radio? T
3).Why not buy some English tapes and some books to go with them? T
4).You needn’t find an English pen friend.F
Step III Language points
1).find +n.+adj.
2).The more…., the….
3).go with---be together with
4).advice
5).help---make better
Fill in the following blanks
1) What do you find______ in English?
2) The ________you listen to English, the _________it becomes.
3) Do you think that would_________?
4) And _______ ________buy some English tapes and some books to _______ with them?
5) Well, ______ _______, you’d better find an English _______friend.
Keys: hardest , more, easier, help, why not , go, for that, pen
Step IV Practice
1). Do Part 2 on Page 45 in the textbook.
T: Here we'll learn how to give advice to your friend By using the following functional sentences.
Why not. . . ; You'd better. . . ; Why don't you. . .
2). Do Part 3 on Page 45 in the textbook.
Ask the Ss to have short dialogues with their partners using the following sentence structures.
What do you find hardest in English?
I find. . . hardest.
The more. . . , the. . .
3). Ask the Ss to make a similar dialogue with the following topics.
Give advice to your friend on how to improve his/her English.
Give advice to your friend on how to write an English composition.
Give advice to your friend on how to lead English newspapers.
Give your friend some advice on how to listen to the English programmes on the radio.
Step V Summary
Go over the useful words, phrases and sentence structures to make sure the Ss have learnt how to use them.
StepVI Homework
The Wb; Lesson 17 Ex. 1, 2 and 3.
教学设计方案Lesson 46
Teaching Aims
1.To help the Ss to understand the text completely.
2.To help the Ss to know how to skim the text to find the general idea and to help them to know how to scan the text to locate specific information quickly.
3.To explain some difficult points in understanding.
Step I Listening
Ask the students to lock at the pictures on Page 46 and answer the following questions.
1) What is the building at the top of the page?
The CCTV office
2)What is the building at the bottom of the page?
Bush House, the home of BBC
3)What does BBC stand for?
British Broadcasting Corporation
4)What does CCTV mean?
China Central Television Station
Step II Reading
1. Tell the students the topic of this period.
T: Today we are going to learn “English On The Air”. Now read the passage fast to find out what kinds of English programmes there are in the air.At this moment) the students are scanning the text.
Answers: BBC English, China Radio International, Radio English on Sunday, CCTV English programmes.
2. Ask the Ss to read the text and judge if the following statements are true or false. Now, the Ss are slamming the text.
Step III Languages points
Explain some phrases meaning on the Bb.
1). in the air = on the radio or on TV
2). from month to month; Every month there is a change.
3).If you do have difficulties, it's better to try once again, (“do” is used here to emphasize the special situation.
4). it’s better = you’d better
5).be well received = be popular
2.用所给的动词或动词短语填空
go, point, out, serve, be, meet, make, ask, for, pick up, receive, think
1.Not only he but I ____ interested in reading novels.
2.He ____ that the road was not safe.
3.By the end of 1995, he ____ in the army for 20 years.
4.Tie foreigner said to me, “Good night! I am glad ____ you.”
5.We were asked ____ a study plan.
6.He ____ Chicago on the radio.
7.He had written to his friends in America, ____ information.
8.Why not ____ and ____ him ____ help?
9.I like to ____ presents on my birthday.
10.He was going to leave school, but later he ____ better of it.
Step IV Further practice
Ask the Ss to make a dialogue based on the text.
Step V Homework
1. Do Ex.2,3 and 4 on Page 113.
2. Retell the text.
探究活动
1．Someone can not read the English text aloud. Whenever he reads the text aloud, he has to stop very often and he can never give a complete sentence. Please give some advice.
2.教师组织学生讨论，如何利用一些英语节目学好英语，如：BBC，VOA， CRI，TV等
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