高一英语第六单元A New Factory

高一英语第六单元A New Factory

科目 英语
年级 高一
文件　high1 unit6.doc
标题 A New Factory
章节 第六单元
关键词
内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
本单元围绕在改革开放的中华大地上，一个又一个中外合资企业如雨后般的春笋一样，蓬勃发展，这一切给更多的人提供了就业的机会，人民生活水平日益得到提高。在企业提高效益的同时，也给当地经济的迅猛发展注入了活力。更值得令人骄傲的是，不少产品，如：小汽车、彩电、电冰箱等还通过飞机、轮船打入国际市场，给国家大量创汇。通过学习本单元，同学们会更加珍惜今天，只争朝夕，发奋图强，努力掌握现代化的科学文化知识，让伟大的祖国在21世纪更加美丽、富强。另外注意学习如何使用一般将来时的被动语态，为以后对时态的综合运用打下坚实的基础。
　
【指点迷津】
A.单元重点新词读音归类
(1)[i:]least school-leaver (5)[i]minibus notice province company plenty
(2)[:]certain []certain supply (6)[]minibus company
(3)[ :]port abroad [ ]province job project (7)[ei]raincoat railway training
(4)[u]notice raincoat (8)[ai]supply 对比：[i]company plenty
B.单元重点新词透视
(1)minibus n. 小型公共汽车。mini-是一个前缀，表示“小”，又如：minicab微型出租汽车，minicam小型照相机，minibikini [\'mi\'ki:ni]超短两截式女游泳衣，miniskirt超短裙，迷你裙，mininum最小量
(2)notice n.布告；通知；注意 如：put up a notice saying“Wet Paint!”立一个“油漆未干”的布告牌/The library will be open only in the afternoon till further notice. 在另行通知以前，图书馆只在下午开放。leave without notice擅自离去，不告而别/take no notice of other’s advice不理会别人的建议
notice作动词用意为“注意；（无意中）注意到；通知”；take notice of（有意）注意到。如I notice that he came earlier. (I notice him come earlier.)我注意到他来得较早。/This plane was noticed to take off at 6 o\'clock.这架飞机被通知在6点钟起飞。（本句也可理解为：有人注意到那架飞机是在6点起飞的。）
注意在测试中常把notice（注意到）归类在使役动词的行列，其后用不带to的不定式作宾语表示完成性，用现代在分词作宾语补足语表示进行性，用过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动性。如：
I have noticed the guests come upstairs. 我注意到客人们都已上楼。
I notice the guests going in the direction of the hall.我注意到客人们正朝礼堂方向走去。
I notice the guests shown around our school.我注意到有人领着客人在参观学校。
(3)job n.(可数名词)工作。work n. (不可数名词)工作。如：
The new factory will bring more jobs to our province.那座新工厂将给我省带来更多的就业机会。
She has much work to do this week.本周她有大量的工作要做。
(4)supply vt.供应，供给；提供。supply sth to /for sb = supply sb with sth给某人提供某物。如：The car will be supplied to people all over the country.这些汽车将供应给全国各地的人使用。
The factory supplied us with some parts of the car.那家工厂给我们提供了一些汽车配件。
(5)abroad adv.到国外，在国外；到处，广泛。如：
go abroad出国/ return from abroad从国外回来/The happy news soon got abroad.喜讯很快就传开了。/at home and abroad国内外/So cars will be sent abroad by sea, will they?因此，汽车将由海路销往国外。
注意下列在拼写上容易与abroad混淆的词：aboard上船（上飞机、上火车），board（木版），broad宽广的。
另外，abroad为副词，在动词后不要再加介词等。如：〖错〗live in abroad 〖对〗live abroad。
(6)certain adj.(作定语)某种，某些；一定的。（作表语）确凿的，无疑的；有把握的，可靠的。作代词用，如：
Certain parts of the car, like the lights and the windows, will be supplied by other companies in our province.某些部件，如车灯和车窗将由我们省的其它公司提供。
for a certain reason 为了某种理由
She is certain to do well in the examination. 她这次考试肯定能考好。
Are you certain that you\'ll get there in time? 你有把握能及时赶到那里吗？
for certain/sure 肯定的，make certain/sure +of; make certain/sure +从句 弄清楚。
Will you please make certain of the meeting? 请你把开会的日期弄清楚好吗？
Please make certain when the train leaves. 请去弄清楚火车什么时候开。
注意在下列句式中certain和sure不能换用：It is certain(不用sure)that two plus two makes four. 2加2得4是确定无疑的。
(7)training n.训练；培训；培养；锻炼。如：training college[英国]师范学院，training school职业学校，training center培训中心
C.单元重点词组扫描
(1)at least =at the least =not less than 至少(反义词组：at most =at the most最多)
He is at least as tall as you. 他至少和你一样高。
注意：not in the least =not at all, not a bit 一点儿也不
(2)spend +钱+on sth/ on doing sth 强调钱花在何处
spend +时间+(in)+-ing 在干……花费时间
spend +钱+for sth 强调钱交换的物品
spend +时间+to do 强调花时间的目的性（该用法不常见）
They will spend almost 100million yuan on Hope Project. 他们要在希望工程上投资一亿元。
He spends a lot of money on helping friends. 他为朋友不惜花钱。
All her wages had been spent for medicine. 他的钱都花在了药上。
The government spent plenty of money to help make the land better. 政府耗费巨资去改良土壤。
(3)by sea =by ship 乘船；由水路
类似表达：by land 从陆路，by e-mail 通过电子邮件，by water 从水路，by post通过邮寄，by air 坐飞机，by taxi 乘出租车，by telephone 用打电话，…… 注意不要在这类词组中加定冠词the。
(4)take a look at =have a look at 看一下，瞧一瞧
(5)begin…with…以/从……开始
Knowledge begins with practice. 认识从实践开始。
Let\'s began the concert with a piano solo. 让我们以一首钢琴独奏曲开始这次的音乐会。
注意：to begin with =first of all“首先，第一”为固定词组作状语，不要少了to. 如：
To begin with, I have a piece of good news to tell you. 首先，我告诉你们一个好消息。
(6)far away 远离的；遥远的(faraway作“遥远的”的可放所修饰的名词前或者名词后)如：
The factory is far away from the centre of town.该家工厂离市中心很远。
He will be sent to work in a faraway village (a village far away). 他将被派到一个遥远的村庄工作。注意在表示具体的遥远时不要用far。如：
My school is 3,000metres away from Beijing West Railway Station. 我的学校离北京西站有3,000米。
(7)set up (常用于单位、组织等的)建立；创办；支起 如：They will set up a mew training centre. 他们要建一个培训中心。
对比：put up (常用于高耸、具体有形的)建立；贴广告；举起；住宿，等。
More and more chimneys have been put up here.这里一座座烟囱拔地而起。
(8)do a lot of walking走很远的路=walk a long way
(9)take/have a picnic =go on/for a picnic =go picnicking去野炊；去郊游
注意：picnic的过去式和过去分词为picnicked，现在分词为picnicking。
(10)agree on（在日期、条款、协议上）达成共识；商定；决定
对比：agree with同意某人，某物适合某人；在……一致
agree to同意干……；同意某事
What he does does not agree with what he says.他言行不一。
Finally they agreed on the date of the meeting.最后他们就会议的日期达成了一致意见。
Our headteacher has agreed to our plan for the holiday.班主任已同意我们的度假计划。
The verb must agree with its subject in person and number.动词要在人称和数方面与主语保持一致。
Chicken doesn\'t agree with me.我不爱吃鸡肉。
I agree with you, but I don\'t agree with he said at the meeting.我同意你的观点，但我不同意他在会上的发言。
(11)go out for a drive. 驾车外出兜风
(12)plenty of =a lot of, lots of 充足的；相当多的；绰绰有余的
注意plenty of可修饰可数名词和不可数名词，用于陈述句，在疑问句中一般用enough，在否定句中用many或者much。小心在plenty of前面没有冠词，不可误记成a plenty of。如：You needn\'t hurry. There is plenty of time left. 你不必慌忙，剩下的时间很充足。
Taking plenty of exercise every day keeps you healthy. 每天多运动会使你身体健康。
The students will have plenty of magazines to read in holidays. 在假期中学生会有大量的杂志阅读。
(13)at the crossing(of)在……交叉点，在十字路口，在交会处
对比：at the crossroads在十字路口
(14)as soon as possible尽可能快（早）地
注意：该词组中的possible不能换成probable, possibly等。另外小心as…as中间的形容词和副词的变化。
(15)as follows 如下：如同下述
My reasons are as follows. 我的理由如下。
The names of the football team are as follows: Tom, John, Jack… 足球队员的名单如下：汤姆、约翰、杰克……
(16)start like this 可以这样开始
D.大纲规定的单元日常核心交际用语指南
(1)How long have you had…？ 你已经……多长时间了？如：
How long have you had this car? 你这辆车买多久啦？=When did you buy this car? =How long ago did you buy this car?（因为“买”为非延续动词）
(2)I say, let\'s… 我是说，咱们去……（I say为播入语）。如：
I say, let\'s go hunting this weekend, shall we? 喂，咱们本周末去打猎好吗？
(3)We\'ll meet … 我们在……碰头。如：
At seven o\'clock tomorrow morning we\'ll meet at our school gate and go to visit the Red Star Farm. 明天早上7点钟，我们在学校大门口集合去参观红星农场。
(4)Don\'t be late! 千万不要迟到。
表达提醒(reminding)时的套用语还有：
Don\'t you remember me? 难道记不起我吗？
Please don\'t forget to post the letter for me. 请不要忘记给我发这封信。
Do remember to be on time next time. 千万记住下次要准时。
Be sure to bring your brother with you. 一定要把你弟弟带来。
Be sure not to be late for the ball. 舞会千万不要迟到。
Make sure/certain that lights are turned off. 务必把灯都关掉。
E.单元语法学习目标
复习一般现在时和过去时的被动语态，并学习一般将来时的被动语态。
对比：一般现在时的被动语态→am/is/are/get/become +过去分词
一般过去时的被动语态→was/were/got/became +过去分词
一般将来时的被动语态→shall/will +be +过去分词
例如： A new bridge will be built over the river.
(否定式)Some parts of the car will not be made in this factory.
(疑问式)Where will this book be put?
　
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
观察能力与解题分析
一、提高观察和分析能力，对提高解题能力是非常有帮助的。例如：
1.—— my glasses?
——Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen
【简析】解答此题应注意谈话双方各自的侧重点。不难看出，问话人强调的是现在的结果，而答话人只单纯谈及过去的动作。通过这样分析，就可找出正确答案应该是D。
二、是提高对语境的理解及活用语言的能力。例如：
2. Peter come with us tonight, but he isn\'t very sure yet.
A. must B. may C. can D. will
【简析】只看前一分句,四个选项都对,看了后一分句“但他还不十分肯定”，可知前面句子表达的是一种可能性，答案是B。
3.—Your phone number again? I quite catch you.
——It\'s 956844.
A. didn\'t B. couldn\'t C. don\'t D. can\'t
【简析】关键信息词是again，它说明电话号码已说过一遍，没有听清，要求对方重说一遍，没有听清的动作发生过了，该用过去时，答案是A。
三、留意习惯表达方式，重视情景会话、培养语言应用能力。例如：
4.—Let me introduce myself. I\'m Albert.
—— .
A. What a pleasure B. It\'s my pleasure C. Pleased to meet you D. I\'m very pleased
【简析】介绍后被介绍一方的客套语，英语的习惯表达是：Pleased/Nice/Glad to see/meet you(很高兴能认识你)。如按汉语“幸会”，“很荣幸见到你”等习惯表达，就会误选A、B或D，最佳答案是C。
5.—Don\'t forget to come to my birthday party romorrow.
—— .
A. I don\'t B. I won\'t C. I can\'t D. I haven\'t
【简析】祈使句及tomorrow一词表明了将来时，答句也用将来时，故选B。
四、提高对固定搭配的识记与运用能力。
英语的动词、介词和词组等有固定的搭配，是常考的内容。例如：
6.—The light in the office is still on.
——Oh, I forgot .
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
【简析】forget的搭配有两种情况：后跟不定式一般式，表示将来的动作。后跟动名词表示已发生的动作。“灯还亮着”，就是“忘记去关灯了”，故选C。
7.If no one phone at home, ring me at work.
A. returns B. replies C. answers D. receives
【简析】此题是动宾搭配。“接电话”的英语表达是“answer the phone”，故选C。
五、提高分析句子结构的能力。
有些题目，须根据题干的句法去推理，选出符合结构要求的答案。例如：
8.He asked for the violin.
A. did I pay how much B.I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
【简析】宾语从句应是陈述句语序，故先排除A、C。又因宾语从句中疑问词（词组）应置于句首，所以选D。
9.She thought I was talking about her daughter. , in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
A. Whom B. Where C. Which D. While
　
【简析】分析题干结构，空格前后都是意思完整的句子，in fact为插入语。前后两句内容表明是对照的并列句，应填表示转折的并列词while“然而”，答案选D。
六、排除干扰项，提高推断能力。
可从人称、数、时态、语态、非谓语形式、语气、语序、名词的数，惯用法，词性、词义、句法等语法范畴去着手排除。排除法适用于任何选择题。例如：
10. from Beijing to London!
A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it
C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is
【简析】way是可数名词，先排除A、C。感叹句的句子结构是陈述句语序，应选D。
11.It\'s nearly seven o\'clock, Jack be here at any moment.
A. must B. need C. should D. can
【简析】从信息词nearly和at any moment可推断出题干意思是：“快七点钟了，杰克一会儿就该到了。”由此可从词义上一次性排除A、B和D。故选C，表示“有可能，应该”。
　
【妙文赏析】
Air is around us. We breathe it to stay alive.
To air a room is to make a room fresh by letting in air. To air clothes is to put them in the open air to make them dry.
Some radio stations are off the air from midnight to 6 a.m. the next day while others are on the air around the clock. Listen, the news is on the air. But the problem is still in the air.
The plural noun form “airs” has a very different meaning. Some give themselves airs after getting some success or by air. They even put on airs with their old friends.
【简析】air作不可数名词是“空气”。air作动词是“使通风：使干燥”。复数airs表示人在态度上显示出的傲慢“架子”。air构成的词组意义别具一格，如：in the open air在室外，off the air停止播音，give oneself airs神气活现，put on airs摆架子，in the air在空气中、悬而未决，on the air在广播。
【译文】
空气与我们形影不离。我们呼吸空气来维持生命。
使房间通风就是让空气进来，令房间空气清新怡人。晾衣服就是把衣服放在室外通风处使之干燥。
有些电台从午夜至第二天上午六时停止播音，另一些电台则连续二十四小时广播。
复数形式的airs（故作姿态）有着完全不同的含义。有些人取得一点成绩或者坐过飞机后就神气活现，他们甚至对老朋友也装腔作势起来。
　
【思维体操】
完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1─25各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
It was a freezing day, when I picked up a wallet in the street. There was nothing 1 but a letter that was 2 Hellen. On the tom (撕破的) 3 I found the return 4 , so I called information. The operator asked me to 5 on, and she called back on the 6 soon. She told me that Hellen\'s family had 7 their house years ago. Hellen had to 8 her mother in a nursing home.
I called and found out that Hellen\'s mother had 9. The woman who answered 10 that Hellen herself was 11 living here.
The director (主任)waited for me at the 12 of the nursing home. I went up to the 3rd 13. Hellen was an old woman with a warm smile and 14 eyes. I told her about 15 the wallet and showed her the letter. She took a deep 16.“Young man,”she said, “this was the 17letter I had written to Mike sixty years ago. I loved him very much. I guess no one ever 18 up to him. I still think of him…”
I thanked Hellen and came back to the director. His secretary looked at the wallet 19 and said, “Hey, that\'s Mr. Goldstein\'s. He\'s always losing it. He\'s 20 here on the 8th floor. That\'s his wallet, for 21.We hurried to him and asked 22 he had lost his wallet. Mike felt his back 23 and then said,“Goodness, it\'s missing.”
When I returned him the wallet and told him where Hellen was, he grew24.“When the letter came,”he said,“my life ended. I never married!”
We took him to Hellen\'s 25 . They stood, looked at each other for a minute and embraced (拥抱)。
1. A. with B. here C. inside D. outside
2. A. sent for B. written to C. given D. signed(签名)
3. A.. letter B. envelope C. wallet D. surface
4. A. home B. telephone C. date D. address
5. A. hold B. keep C. put D. go
6. A. way B. floor C. line D. time
7. A. bought B. sold C. moved D. built
8. A. carry B. place C. drive D. feed
9. A. left B. disappeared C. remarried D. died
10. A. explained B. thought C. discovered D. considered
11. A. willingly B. still C. now D. then
12. A. door B. house C. office D. end
13. A. storey B. floor C. step D. stair
14. A. rude B. freezing C. friendly D. lively
15. A. opening B. answering C. finding D. searching
16. A. dive B. sight C. bow D. breath
17. A. important B. oldest C. first D. last
18. A. went B. matched (匹配) C. got D. came
19. A. immediately B. clearly C. closely D. exactly
20 A. also B. too C. right D. still
21. A. sure B. pleasure C. help D. interest
22. A. that B. if C. where D. when
23. A. head B. trousers C. clothes D. pocket
24. A. sad B. silent C. pale D. anxious
25. A. floor B. office C. room D. home
参考答案：1─5 C D B D A 6——10 C B B D A 11─15 C A B C C
16——20 D D B C A 21——25 A B D C C
　
三、智能显示
【心中有数】
本单元学习一般将来时的被动语态，其构成方式为：shall / will +be +过去分词。使用中不要和情态动词的被动语态（can / must / need +be +过去分词）相混淆。注意用一般将来时翻译下列句子并由主动语态变为被动语态，注意各种形式的变化。
1.他们将尽快修理我们的小轿车。
They will mend our car as soon as possible.→Our car will be mended as soon as possible (by them).
2.你将不能把这些字典再拿出图书室。
You will not take these dictionaries out of the library again.→These dictionaries won\'t be taken out of the library again (by you ).
3.我们何时才能完成这么多的家务活。
When shall we finish so much housework?→When will so much housework be finished by us ?
除用“shall / will +be +过去分词”表示将来时的被动语态外，还可用“be to be done, be going to be done, be about to be done”的形式表示。
　
【动脑动手】
1. In some parts of the world, tea with milk and sugar.
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. will be served
2. I promise that this matter next week.
A. will be taken care B. will take care of well
C. will take good care D. will be taken care of
3. They are beginning the sports meet a wonderful basketball match tomorrow.
A. in B. at C. with D. for
4. How long have you the dictionary?
A. bought B. had C. borrowed D. found
5. We don\'t agree them the date of the class meeting.
A. with; to B. with; on C. to; to D. to; on
6. Try to be friendly to your classmates as possible.
A. so B. too C. as D. very
7. ——What a nice present. Can I have a at it?
——Of course. Here you are.
A. taste B. try C. rest D. look
8. —— will they repair our bikes?
——In an hour.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How fast
9. An exhibition of paintings at the museum next week.
A. are going to hold B. is to be held C. is going to hold D. will hold
10. I still don\'t believe in ghost (鬼神). I\'ve never seen one.
A. at first B. At the beginning C. At last D. At least
11. —— is it to that city by car?
——60 miles.
A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How quick
12. A new chemistry lab in our school next month.
A. is going to set up B. will be set up C. is to set up D. is about to be set up
13. —— is the population in you village?
——About two thousand, I think.
A. How much B. How many C. How large D. Whatever
【答案与解析】1.选B。茶里加牛奶和糖只是说明一种日常食用习惯，无将来的含义，故用一般现在时的被动语态。2.选D。从next week可知应是“被照料”，注意固定词组中的介词在变为被动语态时不能省略。3.选C。begin…with…以……开始。4.选B。how long与延续性动词连用，A、C、D都是非延续性动词。5选B。agree with sb on sth在……与某人达成协议。6.选C。不考虑后部的as possible信息提示，其它答案也对，但as…as possible“尽可能……”为固定词组。7.选D。have / take a look at瞧一瞧……8.选C。how soon“过多久以后才……”与表示将来时的in短语搭配。how often对句子中作状语用的always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, now and then, every day, every other week, once a month, every two years, three times an hour等表示频率的次数的副词或词组提问。how long对表示持续的状语提问。如：He had to work for the boss from morning till night→How long did he have to work for the boss? 9.选B。主语是exhibition，下周暗示应用将来时的被动语态。10.选D。前部信息暗示表达“至少”。11.选C。how far对距离提问，从60 miles的距离概念上可以判断出。12.选B。be about to do不与具体的时间状语连用。13.选C。对人口的多少提问用how large或者what。
　
【创新园地】
本单元第24课和P86课后练习中要求学会写通知，并且在第21课中已事先让学生接触通知的基本格式。通知分Notice（书面通知、布告、通告）和Announcement（口头通知）。本单元要求学习书面通知的写法。
Notice是上级对下级、组织对成员部署工作、传达事情、召开会议所使用的文体。Notice一般张贴在布告牌上，或公共场所显眼的地方以达到通告大家的目的。其写法如下：
在通告的正文上方正中的位置写上NOTICE（每个字母都大写以求醒目），出通知的单位写在正文结束的右下角。出通知的日期一般写在正文结束的左下角。出通知的单位和时间也可省略。通知不写称呼，但正文里首先提到被通知的对象。通知也没有结束语。通知的正文是主体部分，包括通知的对象、事由、时间、地点、要求等。Notice语言应力求简洁明了、条理清晰、要求明确。
下面请你按说明的要求写一个通知。
说明：学生会举办英语演讲比赛（English-speaking Contest），请按下列要求写一份100个词左右的通知。通知发出的时间为1999年11月14日。内容要点如下：
1. 比赛目的：提高学生的口语水平
2. 参赛范围：高一学生
3. 报名地点：学生会办公室
4. 报名时间：1999年11月15日
5. 比赛地点：学校礼堂
6. 比赛时间：1999年11月20日
7. 组织单位：学生会
8. 评委与奖励：特邀请5位英语教师担任评委，奖励前3名。
参考：学生会办公室Student Union Office 组织organise 裁判judge
(同学们写完后，可把你的书面表达反馈给我们。)
　
　
高中英语第1册Unit 6
　
《创新园地》答案
NOTICE
In order to improve the students 1 spoken English, an English-speaking Contest among the students of Senior Grade 1 will be held in the school hall at seven p.m. on November 20th, 1999.The contest is organized by the Student Union. Those who would like to take part in it may sign up in the Student Union Office on the 15th November, 1999.Five English teachers will be invited to work as judges. The first three winners will gain prizes. All are welcome to join the contest.
November 14th, 1999
The School Student Union
　

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