Gymnastics
教学目标
本单元主要词汇：
ache; keep one’s balancedo body-building；at the doctor’s；require;lose one’s voice；do a handstand；a keep-fit programme；backward(s)；be proud of ；hold a position steady；a length of wood ；glance；take/have a look at； follow safety measures； in all； gain；knock into sb；prepare…(sb.) for； do a neat circle； cheer ； fall forward/over； be content with/to do； land neatly on the floor；highly；do sth. to music
本单元的主要句型
What can I do for you? There is something wrong with…?
Where does it hurt? My …hurt/I hurt my…
I’ve got a temperature. Let me take a look at it/ you.
Do this treatment twice a day for a week? Take this medicine/two pills three times a day.
Wht seems to be the matter? 10. It’ll /You’ll be all right/ well/ better soon.
It is /was + 被强调部分 + who/that …
教学建议
重点掌握本单元出现的与体操相关联的一些词组和短语。运用所学语言，围绕体操这一题材，完成教材和练习册中所要求的有关听说读写方面的任务。阅读课文第34课和35课，让学生了解有关体操以及与之相关的英语表达。适当增加和拓展与体操有关的词组和短语，以更好的帮助学生运用英语进行表达。掌握并强化本单元的语法要点，即主谓一致的问题以及宾语从句的用法。其中关键是主谓一致中有关集合名词作主语和宾语从句中从句时态一致在写作中的实际运用的问题。
词语辨析：
1．ache与pain
pain多指由于严重受伤或疾病引起的剧痛，用作可数名词或不可数名词均可。
The boy was in great pain after he broke his arm.
那个孩子伤了胳臂后，很疼痛。
ache多指身体局部的持续的隐痛，用作可数名词或不可名词均可，常和身体部位构成复合名词（见上例）。例如：
She suffers from various aches and pains.
她遭受了各种疼痛和痛苦。
take great pains with sth. / to do sth. / in doing sth. “辛苦；努力；费尽苦心做某事。”
Mary took great pains with her English lesson and got high marks.
玛丽下苦功学习英语并取得高分。
2．辨析 clothing 与clothes
1)clothing是全部衣物的总称，如：men’s clothing男服，winter clothing冬装，属于集合名词，只有单数形式，其作主语时，谓语有单数形式。
Our clothing protects us from the cold.
衣服使我们免受寒冷。
一件衣服可以说an article of clothing或a piece of clothing，但不能说a suit of clothing. 但可以说a suit of clothes(一套衣服)。
2)clothes统指各种衣服，不能指单件衣服，它既不能用作单数，也不能和表示具体数目的数词连用，不能说a clothes, six clothes, 但可以说many (these, a few, my) clothes. 其作主语时谓语用复数形式。
These clothes are new. 这些衣服都是新的。
3．辨析announce, declare
announce 和declare 语义相近，但结构有区别。
announce 后接名词或代词或that宾语从句，而declare除接上面结构以外还可接复合宾语等结构。
declare在语义上还有些特殊的用法。试比较下列句型。
Soon Germany declared war on France.
不久德国对法宣战。(不用 announce)
The bell announced the end of the class.
下课铃响了。(非正式，不用declare)
The committee announced/declared the results of the experiment.
委员会宣布了实验的结果。
4．congratulate, celebrate
congratulate 意为“祝贺”，常用于congratulate sb. on ( doing ) sth.。
celebrate 意为“庆祝”，后接名词。如：
Paul's classmates congratulated him on his winning the first prize.
保罗的同学们祝贺他获得了一等奖。
Christmas is celebrated on December 25.
过圣诞节是在十二月二十五日。
注意它们在结构和语义上的区别。congratulate 的名词形式为 congratulation，常用作复数。而celebration 意为“庆祝”或“庆祝会”，是普通的可数名词。
—I got the first prize. 我得了一等奖。
—Congratulations! 祝贺你！
About ten thousand people attended the celebration of National Day in Tian An Men Square.
大约一万人参加了天安门广场的国庆庆祝会。
教学目标
本单元主要词汇：
ache; keep one’s balancedo body-building；at the doctor’s；require;lose one’s voice；do a handstand；a keep-fit programme；backward(s)；be proud of ；hold a position steady；a length of wood ；glance；take/have a look at； follow safety measures； in all； gain；knock into sb；prepare…(sb.) for； do a neat circle； cheer ； fall forward/over； be content with/to do； land neatly on the floor；highly；do sth. to music
本单元的主要句型
What can I do for you? There is something wrong with…?
Where does it hurt? My …hurt/I hurt my…
I’ve got a temperature. Let me take a look at it/ you.
Do this treatment twice a day for a week? Take this medicine/two pills three times a day.
Wht seems to be the matter? 10. It’ll /You’ll be all right/ well/ better soon.
It is /was + 被强调部分 + who/that …
教学建议
重点掌握本单元出现的与体操相关联的一些词组和短语。运用所学语言，围绕体操这一题材，完成教材和练习册中所要求的有关听说读写方面的任务。阅读课文第34课和35课，让学生了解有关体操以及与之相关的英语表达。适当增加和拓展与体操有关的词组和短语，以更好的帮助学生运用英语进行表达。掌握并强化本单元的语法要点，即主谓一致的问题以及宾语从句的用法。其中关键是主谓一致中有关集合名词作主语和宾语从句中从句时态一致在写作中的实际运用的问题。
词语辨析：
1．ache与pain
pain多指由于严重受伤或疾病引起的剧痛，用作可数名词或不可数名词均可。
The boy was in great pain after he broke his arm.
那个孩子伤了胳臂后，很疼痛。
ache多指身体局部的持续的隐痛，用作可数名词或不可名词均可，常和身体部位构成复合名词（见上例）。例如：
She suffers from various aches and pains.
她遭受了各种疼痛和痛苦。
take great pains with sth. / to do sth. / in doing sth. “辛苦；努力；费尽苦心做某事。”
Mary took great pains with her English lesson and got high marks.
玛丽下苦功学习英语并取得高分。
2．辨析 clothing 与clothes
1)clothing是全部衣物的总称，如：men’s clothing男服，winter clothing冬装，属于集合名词，只有单数形式，其作主语时，谓语有单数形式。
Our clothing protects us from the cold.
衣服使我们免受寒冷。
一件衣服可以说an article of clothing或a piece of clothing，但不能说a suit of clothing. 但可以说a suit of clothes(一套衣服)。
2)clothes统指各种衣服，不能指单件衣服，它既不能用作单数，也不能和表示具体数目的数词连用，不能说a clothes, six clothes, 但可以说many (these, a few, my) clothes. 其作主语时谓语用复数形式。
These clothes are new. 这些衣服都是新的。
3．辨析announce, declare
announce 和declare 语义相近，但结构有区别。
announce 后接名词或代词或that宾语从句，而declare除接上面结构以外还可接复合宾语等结构。
declare在语义上还有些特殊的用法。试比较下列句型。
Soon Germany declared war on France.
不久德国对法宣战。(不用 announce)
The bell announced the end of the class.
下课铃响了。(非正式，不用declare)
The committee announced/declared the results of the experiment.
委员会宣布了实验的结果。
4．congratulate, celebrate
congratulate 意为“祝贺”，常用于congratulate sb. on ( doing ) sth.。
celebrate 意为“庆祝”，后接名词。如：
Paul's classmates congratulated him on his winning the first prize.
保罗的同学们祝贺他获得了一等奖。
Christmas is celebrated on December 25.
过圣诞节是在十二月二十五日。
注意它们在结构和语义上的区别。congratulate 的名词形式为 congratulation，常用作复数。而celebration 意为“庆祝”或“庆祝会”，是普通的可数名词。
—I got the first prize. 我得了一等奖。
—Congratulations! 祝贺你！
About ten thousand people attended the celebration of National Day in Tian An Men Square.
大约一万人参加了天安门广场的国庆庆祝会。
Lesson34教学设计方案
Step1:Introduction:
Good morning, class. Now please open your book to page51,and look at the pictures please.(or the teacher can show some pictures on gymnastics.)Who can tell me how we call these sports?(answer:gymnastics).And who can tell me the English sport name for each picture.(picture1:on the high bar; picture2:on the double bars; picture3:on the beam;pommel horse,and beam).What other sports names do you know?
Step2: Fast reading:
I.Search for answer within 2 minutes:
1.What is important to become a top gymnast?
2.Do women performe on the rings?
II.Reading comprehension:(open your book to page178 and answer the questions within 7minutes.)
Step3:Language study:
I:Fill in blanks without looking at your books.(Ask the Ss to read the text in details and pay special attention to the key words or phrases.Then close their books and fill in blanks.)
1) One of the aims is to make the body stronger for jumps and turns and for movements of balance. It also helps your body bend forwards, backwards and sideways, and improves the way you hold your body.In competitions women perform some of their exercises to music, so dance,gymnastics and music are all connected.
2) Some pieces of equipment,for example the rings,require great physical strength and boys need to develop their bodies fully before attempting such difficult exercises.
II:Learn the words through the context:
1) Gymnasts have to show that they can move neatly and easily, hold a position steady, keep their balance while doing a handstand, and jump both forwards and backwards.
A.neatly:having a pleasing shape or appearance,“干净利落。”
Our bedroom is seldom in a mess.It’s always neat.(of things arrange in an orderly way.)
B.steady:firmly fixed,suppored or balanced;not shaking,rocking or likely to fall over.
Hold the ladder steady.
She was trembling with excitiment but her voice was steady.
2) Wear tight clothing without collars or belts so that it doesn’t catch on any of the equipment.
A..tight:fitting closely.紧密结合的。
a tight ship------ a ship that does not leak (不漏水的船)
These shoes are too tight for me.（这双鞋我穿得太紧）
a tight race, match.(势均力敌的比赛)
B.catch on: become fixed,stuck or entangled in or on sth.（使某物）卡住，钩住，缠住，绊住，夹住或挂住某物：
Her dress caught on a nail.（钉子）
He caught his foot on a tree root and stumbled.他一只脚被树根绊住而跌跤了。
Step3:Group work(Dive the class into several groups and each prepares a topic, and then give them some time to prepare and report without looking anything. Make sure each St in the group take part in the report.)
Step4:summary:Write a summary about the gymnastics.
听力完形教案
I.Listening:(ask the Ss to listen to three times and fill in blanks.)
Life of an athlete
A sports journalist (J)is interviewing an athlete(A) who is from Kenya two days after he won the London marathon.
J:Congratulations on your success in the marathon! Are you pleased with your performane?
A: Yes,very.It was my new record and it was also quite a windy day, so I think I did very well.
J:Could you tell me about your early days in Kenya?When did you first start running?
A:My brother and I used to run to shool every day. We lived about ten miles from the nearest primary school and as it would have taken too long to walk, we used to run there and back.that was twenty miles every day!When I went to secondary school(中学)I used to join in a lot of competitions,mainly middle and long distance races.I think I won every race I took part in !
J:What is the secret of your success?
A:First, I lead a very healthy life. I’ve never smoked or drunk and I eat huge quantities of fruit. We’ve got plenty of that in Kenya. Next,train high up where the air is thinner. I live and run in the hills which are about 3,000 mertres high. I left Kenya just two days before the marathon. So when I ran the race at sea level, my body had all this extra energy to help it run faster!
J: what are your future plans?
A:I want to run in the Olympics next year. I hope I’ll be chosen for our national team,so I’m going to plan a hard training programme.
J:Is it a hard life, being a long-distance runner?
A: where we live we have some of the most beautiful countryside in the world. It’s a pleasure just to run over these hills. It may sound hard to you, but for me running is as natural as breathing.
II．完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
Fred Mundy enjoyed life. He loved adventure and the great outdoors, especially riding his motorcycle.
One day, Fred decided to 31 a motorcycle race. The race was to be run on a dangerous course through 150 miles of rough 32 Fred was a proud man, he wanted to 33 the race. So, to save energy, he only took along a small 34 of water, some apples, and a few pieces of read.
The race began. Fred got off to a good 35 . But somewhere along the way, he made a 36 turn. He became lost in a wilderness of sand and rock－a lonely place 37 the temperature can 38 top 40 degrees centigrade!
A 39 party was organized, and planes were brought in. Soon the searchers began 40 something; Fred s motorcycle, foot prints in the sand, even his empty can. 41 they couldn’t find Fred.
The searchers could not 42 this. Why didn’t Fred try to signal (发信号) the airplanes above? Why didn’t he 43 marks for the searchers to follow? It was almost as if he didn’t 44 to be found. Twelve days after the race, the searchers found Fred’s body － And near it, they found his bright orange helmet (头盔) 45 under a small bush(树丛) . It seemed to be hidden so that 46 couldn’t be seen from the air.
Perhaps the searchers were right. Maybe Fred 47 want to be found. Why? Because he was a 48 man. He was trying to find his 49 way out of the desert. But he never 50 it. Fred Mundy had lost his race with time.
31. A. enter B. watch C. help D organize
[解析]enter有“参加”之意。B、C、D三项意思不符合题意。 答案：A
32. A. forest B. meadow C. desert D. country
[解析]据前文所叙，应该是发生在沙漠荒地。 答案：C
33. A. defeat B. enjoy C. improve D. win 答案：D
34. A. bottle B. can C. cup D. mouthful
[解析]can 在此为名词，意为“罐”。 答案B
35. A. way B. speed C. position D. start 答案：D
36. A. skillful B. difficult C. wrong D. dangerous
[解析]后面说他迷路了，是由于这里拐弯出了差错。故应填C项。 答案：C
37. A. that B. where C. whose D. when 答案：B
38. A. easily B. hardly C. mainly D. fully
[解析]文中top为动词，意为“高达……”；根据句意是“很容易”达到40度以上。
答案：A
39. A. race B. helping C. search D. saving
[解析]从下文中searchers可推出此空应填C项。 答案：C
40. A. watching B. collecting C. recognizing D. finding 答案：D
41. A. Instead B. But C. Besides D. And 答案：B
42. A. guess B. judge C. understand D. prove
[解析]this指后面要提到的一系列问题，所以此空填C项。 答案：C
43. A. write B. make C. keep D. leave
[解析] leave marks意为“留下标记”。 答案：D
44. A. want B. ask C. allow D. agree答案：A
45. A. lost B. buried C. hidden D. hung 答案：B
46. A. it B. searchers C. planes D. he
[解析]指头盔。头盔是bright orange（鲜桔红色），如果不是有意藏起来，飞机是可以发现的。所以这里应该填A项（it），而不填D项（he）。 答案：A
47. A. didn’t B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. shouldn’t 答案：A
48. A. proud B. stupid C. strong D. strange
[解析]A项(proud)与前面第三段第一句相符。 答案：A
49.A. only B. lost C. lonely D. own答案：D
50. A. had B. made C. won D. did [解析] it指his way. 答案：
写作训练
写作训练每个单元都必须进行，每个单元都可以根据该单元的主题设计一个写作的题目，让学生写一篇作文，事后一要进行讲评。
如在该单元可以设计以下的一个书面表达作业：
写作训练1
根据以下信息，写一篇介绍刘璇的短文，字数一百左右。
中国体操明星，前奥运会金牌得主刘璇，现在就读于北京大学，主修（major in）新闻(journalism)。她之所以选择新闻专业,是由于她以前常与记者接触，所以对新闻专业感兴趣；并且她觉得学习新闻可以让她学习到许多不同领域的知识。她想在将来成为一个国际体操裁判。她的人生格言(motto)是：“如果你想成为一个胜利者，首先征服（conquer）你自己。”
书面表达参考答案（One possible version）
The Chinese star gymnast and former Olympic gold medalist, Liu Xuan, is now studying in Peking University. She’s chosen to study journalism. She got interested in journalism as a result of her contacts with reporters when she was a gymnast. And also, she believes that studying journalism will help her to learn as much knowledge as possible in many kinds of fields, such as politics, economics, history and culture. She wants to be an international gymnastics referee in the future. She believes in this motto: “First conquer yourself if you want to be a winner.”
写作训练2
电视是当今社会应用广泛的一种娱乐工具。请写一篇短文阐述你对电视的理解。
电视是一项重要的发明，对人类生活有着深远影响。
电视带来很多便利，极大地丰富了人们的生活。
电视也有一定的危害。如：宣传色情暴力，对青少年产生不良影响；传递不健康的人生观等等。
参考答案（One possible version）
Television
Our life has been greatly changed by many important inventions. Television is one of them. It brings us much information, therefore it is a popular source of entertainment.
If you want to see a play or watch a match, you needn’t take the trouble to wait for a ticket. With a television, you only need to press the button, choose the right channel, and then you can enjoy yourself to your heart’s content. Besides programmes of entertainment, televisions also provide us with the latest news all over the world at home. Without stepping out of your room, you can be well-informed and keep in touch with the rapidly changing world.
TV also helps a lot with our study. If you want to learn something, you can turn to some channels that provide many kinds of study sources. All you need to do is to find the right channel and sit down in front of the TV set. The teachers on line will teach you whatever you can learn at a real school.
Everything has its two sides. Television brings us not only knowledge and entertainment, but also “junk food” as well. Those films about violence and sexy attacks always mislead the young students. And sometimes people waste too much time in front of the TV set, ignoring what is more important in their lives.
So whether TV is good or bad to us depends on how we use it.
这篇文章第一段指出电视给我们的生活带来了很大的变化，点出了全文的中心意思。下文从两个方面讲述了电视给我们带来的影响：第二段，第三段指出电视提供了娱乐和获取知识的便利；第四段说明电视带来的弊端。最后一段总结，说明电视有利有弊，提醒人们要妥善应用。全文结构严谨，意思全面。
探究活动
1、让学生先去采访一下体育老师，咨询有关体操方面的知识，然后将采访的内容用英文表达出来。
实施方案：1）事先做一些采访的准备工作，简单了有关体操方面的知识；
2）制定一份具体的采访计划或提纲；
3）预约体育老师；
4）实施采访；
5）采访后进行资料整理，写出英文采访报道。
2、教师可以从电视台播放的节目中选取一段与体操相关的电视节目录象，在上课时播放，然后要学生写出描述性的文章。
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