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现在完成时态考点归纳

时间:2023-02-13 19:07:59 英语论文 我要投稿
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现在完成时态考点归纳

  现在完成时态表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作,用于延续性动词,且句中常带有表示一段时间的时间状语,下面是小编收集整理的现在完成时态考点归纳,希望能够帮助到大家。

  一、考查现在完成时的用法之一“过影现”

  “过影现”表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。此时,常与时间副词already(已经),yet(还;已经),just(刚刚;仅仅),ever(曾经),never(从不),before(以前)等连用。注意:already常用于肯定句中,yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”,用在否定句中意为“还”。如:

  She has lost her bike.她把自行车丢了。(“丢”这个动作是过去发生的,对现在造成的结果是“她现在没有自行车骑了”。)

  I’ve already read this book.我已经读过这本书了。(“读”这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响是“我已知道书中的内容”。)

  【中考题例】

  1. Julia isn’t going to the cinema with us because she____the film.(2013年湖州卷)

  A. sees

  B.saw

  C. will see

  D. has seen

  2.- Have you finished your homework?

  ____.Just half of it.How about you?(2013年苏州卷)

  A. Not at all

  B. Not likely

  C.Not a bit

  D. Not yet

  3.- Your shoes are so old Why don’t you buy a new pair?

  - Because I____all my money on an MP5.(2013年广东卷)

  A.spend

  B.have spent

  C. am spending

  D.was spending

  二、考查现在完成时的用法之二“过延现”

  “过延现”表示过去已经开始,延续到现在的动作或状态,甚至还可能继续延续下去。常与for或slnce引出的时间状语连用,动词必须是延续性动词。如:live,study,work,be,wait,know,stay,teach,keep,walk,sleep等。注意:for为介词,后面要接“一段时间”;smce用作介词时,后面接“过去的时间点”;since用作连词时,后面接“从句”(从句谓语动词用一般过去时)。另外,SO far(至今),up to now(到目前为止)也常与现在完成时连用。如:

  Mr. Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city.自从王先生到这个城市以来,他就在这家工厂工作。

  So far, she has learnt about two thousand English words.到目前为止,她已经学了大约2000个英语单词。

  The baby has slept for three hours.孩子已睡三个小时了。

  温馨提醒:非延续性动词表示某一瞬间就结束的动作,常见的有:come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, close, open, leave,begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up, become, borrow,lend.find,finish,receive等。这些动词可用于现在完成时,说明某个动作的结果还存在,但不能和表示一段时间的状语如how long,for,since连用。可将它们转换为表示延续状态的词,如:buy-have , borrow/ lend-keep, join-be in/be a member of,die-be dead,leave-be away(from),begin-be on等。试体会下列例句:

  A他人团两年了。

  误:He has joined the League for two years.

  正:He has been a League member for two years.

  A我买这辆自行车三年了。

  误:I have bought this bike for three years.

  正:I have had this bike for three years.

  A他离开家五天了。

  误:He-left home for five days.

  正:He has been away from home for five days.

  【中考题例】

  4. My uncle has been taught in this school____he wastwenty years old. (2013年鞍山卷)

  A. since

  B.for

  C.until

  D.after

  5.-Look at these stamps.I____them for five years.

  -Wow, they are wonderful.(2013年衡阳卷)

  A. kept

  B.have kept

  C.have bought

  6.He____Luzhou for three months. (2013年泸州卷)

  A. has left

  B.has come to

  C. has gone to

  D.has been away from

  7.-How long has Robert____?

  -Since 2004. (2013年济南卷)

  A. been to Beijing

  B.become a policeman

  C. joined the art club

  D.studied in this school

  三、考查have/has gone to,have/has been to与have/hasbeen in的区别

  have/has been to表示“曾经去过某地”,现在人已经不在那儿了;have/has gone to表示“已去了某地”,说话时,该人已不在现场,可能在去某地的途中,也可能已经到达目的地,一般不用第一、二人称作主语。注意:后接地点副词时,介词to要省略;have beenin表示“某人在某地”,去了某个地方或来到了某个地方多久。

  【中考题例】

  8.-1s Tom at home?

  -No, he___to town. (2013年天津卷)

  A. has been

  B.has gone

  C.goes

  D.will go

  9. A number of tourists

  .Yangzhou many timesbecause it is,such a beautiful city.(2013年扬州卷)

  A. have been to

  B.has been to

  C. has gone to

  D.have gone to

  10.-Jack,I haven’t seen your uncle for a lortg time.

  -He________Shanghai on business for two months.(2013年随州卷)

  A. went tO

  B.has gone to

  C. has been in

  D.has been to

  四、考查现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

  现在完成时与一般过去时都可以表示过去发生的动作,但二者的侧重点不同。一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示过去习惯性的动作,不涉及与现在的关系。常与表示过去的具体时间状语连用,如:yesterday,last year,in1998,three years ago等。而现在完成时强调过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,以及过去已开始并延续到现在的动作,与现在有着密切的关系,不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。

  【中考题例】

  11. - Anna, have you____seen China’s Got Talent(达人秀)?

  -Of course.I

  it last weekend.(2013年成宁卷)

  A. never;saw

  B.ever;have seen

  C. never;have seen[)。ever;saw

  12.- Have you had your breakfast yet?

  -Yes. Mom_

  it for me.(2013年江西卷)

  A. was cooking

  B.is cooking

  C.will cook

  D.cooked

  Key: 1~5 DDBAB

  6—10 DDBAC

  11~12 DD

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